About 75% of rubber is used up in the manufacturing of rubber tires. A tire
or tyre is a device used for covering the circumference of a wheel. It is a
covering of a wheel, made of rubber reinforced with cords of nylon,
fiberglass, or other materials. It is filled with compressed air. A rubber
tires are an essential part of most ground vehicles. A tires can dampen the
oscillations caused by irregularities in the road surface, protect the wheel
from wear and tear and at the same time provide a high-friction bond between
the vehicle and the ground to improve acceleration and handling. There are
various types of rubber tyres with maximum inflation pressure retention for
truck, agricultural, industrial and specialty tires as well as cycle tyres,
casters etc.
Buying tips for rubber tyres
For quality control purposes, sellers of rubber tires should know the
position of the steel or fiber ply cords that are embedded in the walls
of automobile, truck, and off-road vehicle tires. This is very important
in the case of the large, expensive tires that are used for heavy trucks
and construction equipments in which improper cord positioning can lead
to expensive failures. In some cases, buyers will also want to measure
total wall thickness. Because of the complex pattern of echoes that are
generated by the internal structure of most tires and because rubber is
very attenuating to high frequency sound waves, these measurements
require special consideration. |
Properties of rubber tyres
- A rubber wheel is a continuous pneumatic rubber and fabric cushion
encircled and fitted onto the rim of a wheel.
- Chemicals are also compounded into the rubber to help the tyre to
withstand wear, heat, and aging and to produce desired changes in its
characteristics.
- Rubber gives the tire body strength and resilience.
- In belted tires, additional layers of fabric such as rayon, finely
drawn steel, fiber glass etc. are placed just under the tread rubber or
rim to increase mileage and handling.
- Steel wire is used in the bead or rim of the wheel that holds the
tire to the rim.
- A rubber tyre resists wear and abrasion.
Parts of rubber tires
Tyre made up of two parts:
- The tread or road-contacting part: This is the part
of the tire which provides traction and resists wear and abrasion.
- The body or carcass part: This is the part
consisting of rubberized fabric. This gives the tire strength and
flexibility.
Types of rubber tyres
There are three basic types of rubber tyres:
- Bias Tires: Cords in the piles extend diagonally
across the tire from bead to bead in case of bias tires. The cords run
in opposite directions in a crisscross pattern.
- Belted Bias Tires: For belted bias tires, plies are
placed in the same manner as bias tire. The difference is that the belts
of material are placed circumferentially around the tire between the
plies and the tread rubber.
- Radial Tyres: For these kind of tires, cords in the
plies extend transversely from bead to bead and are perpendicular to the
direction of travel.
Classification of Rubber Tyres
Tyres are used in all sorts of vehicles. The small segment vehicle tires
combine top performances in terms of safety, driving stability and mileage.
There are tires for medium-duty and heavy trucks and buses which are
characterized by the latest technologies such as high mileages, reliable
power transmission and low consumption of fuel. There are motorcycle tyres
as well as bicycle tires. Tires are also used in any small movable objects
like a trolley or a wheel chair. Accordingly we classify rubber tyres as
follows:
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